Siyakwamukela, msebenzisi we-inthanethi, kubhulogi enolwazi ngezempilo yokugaya ukudla. Manje sizoqala umhlahlandlela wethu ophelele mayelana "nokuhlinzwa kwesisu," igama elibhekisela ezinqubweni ezahlukene zokuhlinzwa ezihleliwe noma eziphuthumayo ezenziwa esiswini.
Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngezimbangela nezimpawu zesisu esihlinzwayo, izinhlobo ezahlukene zokungenelela kokuhlinzwa, kanye nokunakekelwa kwangaphambi nangemuva kokuhlinzwa.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wena noma othandekayo wakho nibhekene nethuba lokuhlinzwa esiswini, noma umane nje unesifiso sokufunda okwengeziwe ngakho ukuze uthuthukise intuthuko yakho futhi usebenzise indlela yokuthatha isinyathelo, lesi sihloko singesakho. "kubhalwe ngabantu, ngenxa yabantu" Izokunikeza lonke ulwazi oludingekayo. Ngakho-ke ake singene sifunde konke mayelana "nesisu sokuhlinzwa"!
Ukuhlinzwa Kwesisu.
Ukuhlinzwa kwesisu kuyiqembu lezinqubo zokuhlinzwa ezenziwa emgodini wesisu ukwelapha izimo zezokwelapha ezahlukahlukene. Lokhu kungenelela kungabhekana nezinkinga ezifana ne-appendicitis, isifo sesibindi, kanye nezinkinga zamathumbu.
Kubalulekile ukuba nethimba lezokwelapha elikhethekile futhi ulandele inqubo efanele ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nenhlalakahle yesiguli. Ngokulungiselela kahle nokunakekelwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ukululama kungaphumelela futhi kusheshe.
Izimbangela Nezimpawu:
Ubuhlungu besisu, uphawu oluvamile lwesimo sezokwelapha esingaphansi, bungahluka kusukela kobuncane kuya kobukhulu futhi bubonakale ngezindlela ezahlukene. Bungaba bubukhali noma bube buthuntu, buhlale njalo noma bube bufushane, futhi bube sendaweni noma busabalale.
Uma kukhulunywa ngezinqubo zokuhlinzwa, ubuhlungu besisu obungapheli bungaba yimbangela yokukhathazeka futhi bungadinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha endaweni. uhlelo lokunakekelwa kwempilo lukahulumeni noma oluzimele, ngokwendawo yakho yomhlaba wonke.
Ezinye izimpawu ezingase zihambisane nobuhlungu besisu futhi zibonise isidingo sokuhlolwa kokuhlinzwa zifaka phakathi isicanucanu nokuhlanza, ukukhukhumala kwesisu kanye nezinguquko emikhubeni yamathumbu. Kwezinye izimo, ukuba khona kwenqwaba ezwakalayo noma ubuhlungu obunzima ngokunyakaza kungase kubonise nesimo esidinga ukuhlinzwa.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ubuhlungu besisu kanye nezimpawu ezihambisana nabo aziqondile futhi zingabangelwa yizimbangela eziningi eziyisisekelo. Lezi zimbangela zingase zihlanganise nezinkinga zesisu. njenge-appendicitis, amatshe enyongo noma isifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo, kanye izimo zabesifazane njengokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic noma ama-cyst esibeletho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuhlungu besisu bungahlotshaniswa nezinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu njenge-aortic aneurysm, i-pancreatitis, noma umdlavuza. Ukuqonda izici ezithile zobuhlungu kanye nezimpawu ezihambisana nakho kubalulekile ekutholeni imbangela eyisisekelo kanye nesidingo esingaba khona sokuhlolwa kanye nokungenelela kokuhlinzwa.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuthola imbangela eyisisekelo yobuhlungu besisu engadinga ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa kuvame ukuhilela ukuhlolwa okuphelele okuhlanganisa umlando ophelele wezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba okuphelele, kanye nokuhlolwa okwengeziwe kokuxilonga.
Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bangasebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi, izifundo zezithombe ezifana ne-ultrasound noma i-computed tomography (CT) scans, kanye nezinqubo ze-endoscopic ukusiza ekuxilongeni ngokunembile izimo ezifana ne-appendicitis, i-cholecystitis, noma izilonda ezibhobozekile.
Lezi zinyathelo zokuxilonga zivumela abahlinzeki bezempilo ukuthi bathole imbangela eqondile yobuhlungu besisu futhi banqume inkambo efanele kakhulu yesenzo, okungase kuhlanganise ukungenelela okuphuthumayo kokuhlinzwa ukuze kuxazululwe isimo esiyisisekelo.
Ezimweni zobuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ukuxilongwa okunembile nokusheshayo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kusheshiswe ukuqaliswa kokwelashwa okudingekayo kwezokwelapha noma kokuhlinzwa. Ukuxilongwa okulibazisekile kwezimo ezithile zesisu, njenge-appendix ebhobokile uma kwenzeka i-appendicitis ebukhali, kungaholela ezinkingeni ezisongela ukuphila.
Ngenxa yalokho, izindlela zokuxilonga ezifika ngesikhathi nezinembile zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni imiphumela emihle yezokwelapha kubantu abaveza ubuhlungu besisu obuqhubekayo noma obuqhubekayo.
Izinhlobo Zokuhlinzwa
Izinqubo zokuhlinzwa ezihloselwe ukubhekana nezimo zesisu zihlanganisa uhla oluhlukahlukene lokungenelela okwenzelwe imbangela ethile eyisisekelo. Isibonelo, i-appendectomy, ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-appendix evuvukele, inqubo evamile eyenziwa emhlabeni wonke esimweni se-appendicitis ebukhali.
Lokhu kungenelela kokuhlinzwa kuhlose ukuvimbela ukusabalala kokutheleleka kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga ezinkulu njenge-appendix ebhobozekile. Ngokufanayo, ukulungiswa kokuhlinzwa kwe-hernia ye-inguinal, okuhlanganisa ukubeka kabusha izicubu zesisu, kwenziwa ukuze kuncishiswe izimpawu futhi kuncishiswe ingozi yokuklinywa kwamathumbu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-laparotomy yokuhlola, inqubo yokuhlinzwa ehilela ukuhlola ngokucophelela izitho zesisu, isetshenziswa ezimweni lapho imbangela eqondile yobuhlungu besisu ingabonakali khona ngokushesha.
Le nqubo ivumela odokotela abahlinzayo ukuthi bahlole ngokubonakalayo umgodi wesisu futhi baxazulule noma yiziphi izinkinga ezitholakele, njengokuphuma kwegazi ngaphakathi, ukulimala kwezitho zomzimba, noma izinqubo zokutheleleka.
Ngokuvumelanisa indlela yokuhlinzwa nezici ezihlukile zesimo sesisu, abahlinzeki bezempilo bangabhekana ngempumelelo nembangela eyisisekelo yezimpawu futhi banciphise izingozi ezihambisana nazo ngokungenelela okufanele kokuhlinzwa.
I-Appendectomy
I-appendectomy, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-appendectomy, inqubo yokuhlinzwa ehilela ukususwa kwe-appendix evuvukele, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokuvuvukala okwaziwa ngokuthi i-appendicitis kwabesilisa uhlobo olubukhali.
Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa njengenqubo ephuthumayo yokuvimbela i-appendix ukuthi ingaqhekeki, okungaholela ekusabalaleni kokutheleleka kanye nokuqala kwesimo esisongela ukuphila esibizwa ngokuthi i-localized noma i-generalized peritonitis, kuye ngesimo somzimba wesiguli sokuzivikela komzimba.
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-appendectomy kuvame ukwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile, futhi inqubo ivame ukuhilela ukwenza ukusikwa okuncane esiswini esingezansi kwesokudla.
Kwezinye izimo, indlela engangenisi kakhulu eyaziwa ngokuthi i-laparoscopic appendectomy ingasetshenziswa, ehilela ukusetshenziswa kwethuluzi lokuhlinza elikhethekile kanye ne-laparoscope ukuqondisa ukususwa kwe-appendix ngokusebenzisa ukusikwa okuncane.
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwe-appendectomy, iziguli zelulekwa ukuba zilandele iziqondiso ezithile zokulungiselela ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ezingase zihlanganise ukuyeka ukudla nokuphuza isikhathi esithile kanye nokulandela isiqondiso sethimba lezempilo mayelana nokuphathwa kwemithi.
Isikhathi sokululama ngemva kokususwa kwe-appendectomy ngokuvamile sihilela ukuqapha ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kutholakale izinkinga ezingaba khona, kanye nokuqala kabusha kancane kancane imisebenzi evamile ngokuvumelana nezincomo zomhlinzeki wezempilo.
Ngokulandela imiyalelo enqunyiwe ngemva kokuhlinzwa kanye nokuya emihlanganweni yokulandelela, abantu bangenza ngcono ukululama kwabo futhi banciphise amathuba okuba nezinkinga ezinkulu ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Ukulungiswa Kwe-Inguinal Hernia
Ukulungiswa kwe-Hernia inqubo yokuhlinzwa esetshenziselwa ukubhekana nokuphuma kokuqukethwe kwesisu ngomsele we-inguinal, isimo esaziwa ngokuthi i-inguinal hernia.
Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kuhilela ukubeka kabusha izicubu ezisusiwe, ngokuvamile ngokusebenzisa i-mesh yokuhlinzwa ukuze kuqiniswe futhi kuvinjelwe ukuphinda kwe-hernia.
Ukulungiswa kwe-hernia ye-inguinal kungenziwa kusetshenziswa amasu okuhlinzwa avulekile, ahilela ukusikwa okukodwa, okukhulu, noma izindlela ezingangenisi kakhulu njengokuhlinzwa kwe-laparoscopic, okubandakanya ukusikwa okuncane okuningana kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinsimbi ezikhethekile kanye nekhamera yokubona ngeso lengqondo.
Ngemva kokulungiswa kwe-hernia ye-inguinal, abantu bayelulekwa ukuthi balandele izinyathelo zokunakekelwa ezithile ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kanye neziqondiso ukuze kube lula ukuphulukiswa okuhle nokunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga.
Lokhu kungase kuhilele imikhawulo yokuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo kanye nemisebenzi enzima ngesikhathi sokuqala sokululama, kanye nokuphathwa ngenkuthalo kwezinsika zokuhlinzwa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukutheleleka futhi kukhuthazwe ukuphulukiswa okuhle.
Ngokuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo ekunakekelweni kwangemva kokuhlinzwa kanye nokunamathela emiyalweni enikezwe yithimba lezokunakekelwa kwempilo, abantu ngabanye bangasekela ukululama kwabo futhi bathuthukise impumelelo iyonke yenqubo yokuhlinzwa.
I-Laparotomy Yokuhlola
I-laparotomy yokuhlola, ukuhlolwa kokuhlinzwa kwesisu, yenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe futhi kulungiswe izimo ezahlukene zesisu ezingase zibangele ubuhlungu obungachazeki noma obukhulu besisu.
Le nqubo yokuhlinzwa ebanzi ivumela ukubona nokuhlola izitho zesisu, izicubu, kanye nezakhiwo, futhi yenza kube lula ukuhlonza nokuphatha izinkinga eziyisisekelo njengokuphuma kwegazi ngaphakathi, ukubhoboza kwezitho, noma izinqubo zokuvuvukala.
I-laparotomy yokuhlola ingaba ithuluzi elibalulekile lokuxilonga nokwelapha ezimweni zokulimala kwesisu, ubuhlungu besisu obungachazeki, noma isifo esisolwayo sangaphakathi kwesisu.
Ukululama ngemva kwe-laparotomy yokuhlola kuhilela ukunakekelwa okucophelelayo ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kuqashwe ukuphulukiswa kokusikwa, ukusebenza kwamathumbu, kanye nokuxazululwa kwanoma yiziphi izinkinga zesisu ezingaphansi ezixazululwe ngesikhathi senqubo.
Iziguli ngokuvamile zelulekwa ukuba zilandele uhlelo lokululama oluhlelekile oluhlanganisa ukuqhubeka kancane kancane nemisebenzi evamile, ukunamathela ezincomweni zokudla, kanye nokuya emihlanganweni yokulandelela ukuze kuhlolwe inqubekela phambili futhi kuxazululwe noma yiziphi izinkinga ezivelayo.
Ngokuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo enkambisweni yokululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa, abantu bangenza ngcono ukuphulukiswa kwabo futhi banciphise izingozi ezingaba khona ezihlobene nokuhlolwa komgodi wesisu ngokuhlinzwa.
Ukulungiselela Nokululama
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwesisu, abantu banikezwa imiyalelo eningiliziwe yokuthi bangazilungiselela kanjani inqubo ezayo. Le miyalelo ingafaka iziqondiso mayelana nemikhawulo yokudla, ukuphathwa kwemithi, kanye nokugcina impilo iyonke esikhathini esiholela ekuhlinzweni.
Iziguli zingase zelulekwe ukuthi ziyeke okwesikhashana imithi ethile, ikakhulukazi leyo engathinta ukujiya kwegazi noma ihlangane nemiphumela yokubulala izinzwa, futhi zenze izinguquko ezidingekayo ngokwezincomo zomhlinzeki wazo wezempilo.
Esigabeni sangemva kokuhlinzwa, inqubo yokululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwesisu ihilela ukunakekelwa okucophelelayo ngemva kokuhlinzwa, okuhlanganisa ukuphathwa kwezinsika zokuhlinzwa, ukulawula ubuhlungu, kanye nokuqapha izinkinga ezingaba khona.
Iziguli ngokuvamile zikhuthazwa ukuthi ziqale kancane kancane imisebenzi yomzimba ngokuhambisana nesiqondiso sethimba lezempilo, kuyilapho zilandela ngenkuthalo imikhawulo yangemva kokuhlinzwa ukuqinisekisa ukuphulukiswa okuhle kakhulu nokunciphisa ingozi yezehlakalo ezimbi.
Ngokuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo ekunakekelweni kwangemva kokuhlinzwa okunconywe ngokuba "kubhalwe ngabantu, ngenxa yabantu" Futhi ngokufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma kuvela ukukhathazeka, abantu bangadlula esigabeni sokululama ngokuzethemba okukhulu kanye nokusekelwa kwabahlinzeki bezempilo abaqapha ukululama kwabo.
Isiphetho
Njengephuzu lokugcina mayelana nezinto eziza kuqala, Ukuhlinzwa kwesisu kungaba yisimo esibucayi esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.Ukuhlinzwa kwe-appendectomy, ukulungiswa kwe-hernia ye-inguinal, kanye ne-laparotomy yokuhlola kungenye yezinqubo zokuhlinzwa ezivamile ezingenziwa ukuze kulungiswe ubuhlungu besisu.
Ukulungiselela kahle kanye nokunakekelwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa kubalulekile ukuvimbela izinkinga ezingaba khona. Uma uzwa ubuhlungu besisu obungazelelwe, obunzima, kunconywa ukuthi ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile kanye nokwelashwa ngesikhathi esifanele.
Ngiyabonga ngokuphawula kwakho kubhulogi yezempilo yokugaya ukudla; futhi kungumqondo omuhle ukwabelana ngakho ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ukuze izinzuzo zalolu lwazi olusha zifinyelele izilaleli zomhlaba wonke. Sizobonana esitolimendeni esilandelayo!
UDkt. Jorge Delgado, Udokotela Ohlinzayo. Ukuhlinzwa Kwesisu.