Ukubingelela okufudumele futhi wamukelekile kubhulogi enolwazi ngempilo yokuvimbela, ugxile kulokhu ezifweni zodonga lwesisu. Sekuyisikhathi sokungena esihlokweni: ama-hernia e-epigastric, izimbangela zawo kanye nezimbangela. Kuyisimo sezokwelapha esivamile lapho kwakheka khona imbobo emisipheni yesisu, okubangela ukuba izicubu ziphume.
Lesi sihloko sihlola incazelo nendawo ye-hernia ye-epigastric, kanye nezici ezahlukahlukene ezingenza buthaka imisipha yesisu futhi zandise ingozi yokuthola lesi simo.
Manje sekuyisikhathi sokuma, uphefumule ngokujulile bese ubamba imizuzwana emi-4, bese ukhipha umoya kancane kancane. Phinda lo msebenzi izikhathi ezi-4. Lena yindlela efanele yokunikeza ama-neurons umthombo wamandla ongcono kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezingaphakathi zobuchopho.
Lokhu kuvumela ukugxilisa ingqondo kangcono futhi kulungisa ulwazi lokuthuthukisa umuntu ngokufeza isimo sengqondo sokuthatha isinyathelo, kungabi yizisulu zokuzihlola noma zokuzelapha.
Izenzo ezimbili ezimbi ezibambezela usizo lochwepheshe bezokwelapha ezibhedlela noma emitholampilo yezempilo ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwezempilo lukahulumeni noma oluzimele, futhi zingagcini njengezibalo ezibandayo zezinkinga.
Ngakho ake singene esihlokweni esijabulisayo sempilo yokuvimbela endaweni yokuhlinzwa yokugaya ukudla!
I-Epigastric Hernias: Izimbangela
Ama-hernia e-epigastric avame ngokumangalisayo, futhi abantu abaningi bangase bangazi ngisho nalesi simo noma izimpawu ezihambisana naso. Ama-hernia e-epigastric ayenzeka lapho amafutha noma izicubu zangaphakathi kwesisu (i-omentum noma amathumbu amancane) ziphuma endaweni ebuthaka odongeni lwesisu, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwethambo lesifuba.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, abantu bangase bazibuze ukuthi yini ebangela ukwakheka kwalezi zinhlobo zama-hernia. Ukuze siphendule lokhu, kufanele siqale sibheke izibalo ezithile: ama-hernia epigastric ngokuvamile ahlanganisa u-3 kuya ku-5% wawo wonke ama-hernia asezindongeni zesisu , futhi avame ukwenzeka emadodeni aphakathi kweminyaka engu-20 no-50.
Ama-hernia e-epigastric ayenzeka lapho izicubu zesisu zidlula endaweni ebuthakathaka emisipheni yesisu esingaphezulu kwe-rectus.
Ngokuvamile, imisipha yesisu ebuthakathaka ibangelwa ubudala noma ukuvivinya umzimba ngokweqile, yize ngezinye izikhathi ukwakheka kwezakhi zofuzo zomuntu kungaba nomthelela ekukhuleni kwemisipha yesisu ebuthakathaka.
Iningi labantu abane-hernia ye-epigastric lizobhekana nezimpawu ezincane, njengobuhlungu nokungakhululeki ngesikhathi semisebenzi noma ingcindezi emzimbeni lapho bephakamisa izinto ezisindayo.
Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo ezingavamile lapho kukhona ukucindezeleka okuqhubekayo noma ukwanda kosayizi, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kungadingeka ukuze kulungiswe futhi kugwenywe ezinye izinkinga.
Incazelo ye-hernia ye-epigastric:
I-hernia ye-epigastric iwukuvela okuthambile okwenzeka lapho indawo ebuthakathaka emisipheni ye-rectus abdominis ivumela izicubu ezingaphansi ukuba ziqhume, okudala iqhubu elibonakalayo, ngokuvamile esifundeni esiphakathi kwesifuba nenkaba.
Lolu hlobo lwe-hernia lubonakala yingxenye yodonga lwesisu lapho luvela khona, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-epigastrium. I- epigastrium yindawo esesiswini esingaphezulu , ngaphansi kwe-sternum nangaphezulu kwesifunda se-umbilical , lapho kukhula khona i-hernia ye-epigastric.
Ama-hernia e-epigastric angenzeka uma kukhona iphutha noma ukuvulwa ku-linea alba , ibhande eliqondile lezicubu eliwela phansi ngaphambili kodonga lwesisu, okungaholela ekuphumeni kwezicubu ezinamafutha noma, kwezinye izimo, emathunjini amancane.
Lezi hernias zivame ukuba zincane futhi zivame kakhulu kubantu abadala, yize zingavela nasezinsaneni nasezinganeni. Ukuqonda izici ezithile kanye nendawo yehernia ye-epigastric kubalulekile ekuxilongweni nasekunqumeni ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kakhulu.
Indawo ye-hernia ye-epigastric
Uma kukhulunywa ngendawo eqondile ye-epigastric hernia, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi yenzeka phakathi kwesisu. Ngokuqondile, i-epigastric hernia itholakala phakathi kwenqubo ye-xiphoid kanye nenkaba.
Lesi sifunda sesisu yilapho ubuthakathaka bemisipha ye-rectus abdominis kanye nokuvela okulandelayo kuvame ukwenzeka khona. Ukuqonda le ndawo ethile kuvumela ochwepheshe bezempilo ukuthi baxilonge futhi baphathe ama-hernias epigastric ngokunembile.
I-epigastrium, lapho lolu hlobo lwe-hernia lutholakala khona, iyindawo ebalulekile ehilelekile emisebenzini eyahlukahlukene yomzimba. Itholakala endaweni yokuguquka phakathi kwezifunda zesisu ezingezansi nezingaphezulu futhi iseduze kwezitho ezibalulekile (esifubeni), okwenza ukwelashwa okufanele kwe-epigastric hernias kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingathinta lezi zitho.
Izinto ezibangela ubuthakathaka bemisipha yesisu
Izinto eziningana zingabangela ubuthakathaka bemisipha yesisu futhi ziholele ekukhuleni kwe-hernia ye-epigastric. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukukhuluphala, ukukhulelwa, ukukhwehlela okungapheli, kanye nomsebenzi onzima womzimba . Ukuqonda lezi zici kubalulekile kokubili ekuvimbeleni i-hernia ye-epigastric kanye nokwelapha ngempumelelo lesi simo lapho senzeka.
Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kuyisici esikhulu esiyingozi ekukhuleni kwama-hernia epigastric. Ukwanda kwengcindezi yangaphakathi kwesisu kanye nokucindezeleka odongeni lwesisu ngenxa yesisindo somzimba esiningi kungenza buthaka imisipha, kudale indawo evumela ukukhula kwama-hernia.
Uma kwenzeka kwabesifazane abakhulelwe , izinguquko zomzimba kanye nokwelula kwemisipha yesisu ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nombungu okhulayo esibelethweni nakho kungabangela ubuthakathaka bemisipha, okubenza bathambekele kakhulu ekuhlaselweni yi-hernia, okuhlanganisa nalabo abasesifundeni se-epigastric.
Ukukhulelwa kanye nengozi ye-hernia ye-epigastric
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, isibeletho esikhulayo singacindezela kakhulu udonga lwesisu, okubangela ukuba imisipha ye-rectus yeluleke futhi ishintshe.
Le nqubo idala izindawo ezibuthakathaka lapho ama-hernia, okuhlanganisa nama-hernia epigastric, angakhula khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinguquko zamahomoni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zingasiza kakhulu ekuphumuleni kwemisipha yesisu, okwandisa ingozi yokuthola i-hernia esifundeni se-epigastric.
Nakuba ezimweni eziningi la ma-hernia angase angazibangeli izimpawu ngokushesha futhi aphele ngemva kokubeletha , amanye angadinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha ukuze kwelashwe ubuthakathaka bemisipha futhi kuvinjelwe ingozi ye-hernia ephindaphindayo.
Kubalulekile ukuthi abesifazane abakhulelwe noma labo abahlela ukukhulelwa bazi ngomthelela ongaba khona odongeni lwesisu futhi bathathe izinyathelo, ngokubonisana nochwepheshe bezempilo, zokunciphisa ingozi yokuthola i-hernia ye-epigastric.
Lokhu kungafaka phakathi ukukhuthaza ukuphathwa kwesisindo okunempilo, umsebenzi womzimba ophephile nofanele, kanye nokusebenzisa amasu okusekela ngokuqinile udonga lwesisu phakathi nezigaba zokugcina zokukhulelwa.
Ukukhwehlela okungapheli nokuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo.
Indima yayo ekuthuthukisweni kwe-hernia ye-epigastric:
Izici ezinjengokukhwehlela okungapheli kanye nokuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo ngokuphindaphindiwe nazo zivame ukuba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-hernia ye-epigastric ngokubeka ingcindezi eqhubekayo nenkulu emisipheni yesisu, ngokuvamile eveza ukuvuvuka okubonakalayo.
Ukukhwehlela okungapheli , okuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nezimo zokuphefumula, kungaholela ekubeni buthakathaka kwemisipha kanye nokukhula kwama-hernia. Ngokufanayo, ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo , ikakhulukazi uma kwenziwa ngendlela engafanele noma lapho kukhona ezinye izinto eziyingozi, kungacindezela udonga lwesisu futhi kufake isandla ekwakhekeni kwe-hernia esifundeni se-epigastric.
Ukuqonda umthelela walezi zici nokuthatha izinyathelo zokubhekana nezimbangela zazo eziyisisekelo, njengokwelapha izinkinga zempilo eziyisisekelo ezibangela ukukhwehlela okungapheli, noma ukusebenzisa imikhuba yokuphakamisa ephephile, kubalulekile ekunciphiseni ingozi yokuthola i-hernia ye-epigastric.
Ngokuqwashisa ngalezi zici kanye nomthelela wazo ekuqineni kwemisipha yesisu, abantu bangathatha izinyathelo zokuvikela impilo yabo yesisu kanye nenhlalakahle iyonke.
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele emsebenzini nangokomzimba engozini ye-hernia ye-epigastric
Kubantu abanemisebenzi yabo noma imisebenzi yabo evamile ehilela izidingo ezinkulu zomzimba, ingozi yokuthola i-hernia ye-epigastric inganda. Imisebenzi edinga ukuphakanyiswa kwezinto ezisindayo ngokuphindaphindiwe , izikhathi ezinde zomsebenzi womzimba onzima, noma ehlotshaniswa nokusabalala okuphezulu kokukhwehlela okungapheli ingafaka isandla engcupheni enkulu yokuthola i-hernia ye-epigastric.
Ngokufanayo, abantu abenza ukuqeqeshwa kwamandla okuphindaphindiwe noma imidlalo enomthelela omkhulu bangase babe sengozini yokuthola lolu hlobo lwe-hernia, ngenxa yokuntuleka kokulawula okuqinile kokudla okunomsoco kokuzivocavoca okudinga amandla engeziwe.
Ukubhekana nezici ezithile zomsebenzi nezomzimba ezifaka isandla engcupheni ye-epigastric hernia kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni amasu okuvimbela.
Lokhu kungafaka phakathi ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha endaweni yokusebenza, ukukhuthaza amasu okuphakamisa afanele, kanye nokunikeza ukwesekwa okwanele kubantu abenza imisebenzi enzima ngokomzimba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abahlanganyela ekuqeqeshweni okunamandla ngokomzimba noma emidlalweni yokuncintisana bangazuza esiqondisweni sokunciphisa ingozi yokulimala kwesisu kanye nama-hernia, kanye nokwelashwa okufanele kwanoma yiziphi izici, njengokukhwehlela okungapheli, okungase kwandise ingozi yokuthola i-hernia ye-epigastric.
Ukuhlonza nokwelapha izimpawu ze-hernia ye-epigastric
Ukuqaphela izimpawu ze-hernia ye-epigastric kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukungenelela ngesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okufanele. Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko se-hernia ye-epigastric ukukhukhumala okubonakalayo noma okuzwakalayo esifundeni esingaphezulu sesisu, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi semisebenzi ekhulisa ingcindezi yangaphakathi kwesisu.
Lokhu kuqubuka kungase kubonakale kakhulu lapho umi, ukhwehlela, noma uphakamisa izinto ezisindayo, futhi kungase kubonakale sengathi kuyanyamalala lapho ulele ngomhlane noma lapho umuntu ephumule.
Ngaphezu kokuvuvukala komzimba, abantu abane-hernia ye-epigastric bangase babe nokungakhululeki noma ubuhlungu esiswini esingaphezulu futhi, kwezinye izimo, bangase babe nomuzwa wokugcwala noma ingcindezi endaweni ye-hernia.
Lezi zimpawu zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu ngesikhathi semisebenzi ecindezela imisipha yesisu futhi zingase zinciphe ngokuphumula noma ukushintsha kwesimo somzimba.
Kubalulekile ukuthi abantu ababhekene nalezi zimpawu bafune ukuhlolwa nokuxilongwa kwezokwelapha ukuze kutholakale inkambo efanele yokwelapha i-epigastric hernia nokuvimbela izinkinga ezingaba khona.
Ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi i -hernia ye-epigastric ivaleke , okuholela ekuvinjweni kwamathumbu aphumayo kanye nokulahlekelwa igazi eliya ezicutshini ezithintekile, ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo kubalulekile ukuze kuvinjelwe ingozi yezinkinga ezinkulu njengokuklinywa.
Ezimweni lapho i-hernia ye-epigastric ivalelwa khona, abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezifana nokucanuzela kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza kanye nobuhlungu obukhulu besisu , okubonisa isidingo sokungenelela kwezokwelapha ngokushesha ukuze kwelashwe i-hernia evalekile futhi kubuyiselwe ukusebenza okuvamile kwamathumbu.
Izindlela zokwelapha i-hernia ye-epigastric
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwe-hernia ye-epigastric kuvame ukuhilela ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe indawo ebuthaka yodonga lwesisu futhi kuncishiswe ukuvela kwezicubu ezingaphansi.
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlinzwa, i-hernia kanye nokuqukethwe kwayo kufakwa ngokucophelela emgodini wesisu, bese kulungiswa inkinga yodonga lwesisu, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa i- mesh yokwenziwa ukuze kunikezwe ukwesekwa okwengeziwe namandla endaweni ethintekile.
Le mesh yokuhlinzwa isiza ukunciphisa ingozi yokuphinda kwe-hernia futhi ikhuthaza ukuphulukiswa okunempilo nokuphumelelayo kodonga lwesisu olulungisiwe.
Kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi uma i-hernia ye-epigastric incane futhi ingabangeli izimpawu noma izinkinga ezibalulekile, kunganconywa indlela yokulinda eqaphile , kanye nokulandelela njalo ukuhlola noma yiziphi izinguquko ngobukhulu noma izici ze-hernia.
Kodwa-ke, ukulungiswa ngokuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kuyindlela ekhethwayo yokwelapha i-hernia ye-epigastric, ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho i-hernia inezimpawu, ibeka ingozi yokuboshwa, noma kungenzeka ibangele izinkinga uma ingelashwa.
Kubalulekile ukuthi abantu abatholakale benesifo se-epigastric hernia baxoxe ngezinketho zabo zokwelapha nochwepheshe bezempilo bendawo noma basemadolobheni futhi babhekane nanoma yikuphi ukungabaza noma imibuzo abangase babe nayo mayelana nendlela enconywayo.
Ngokuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo enkambisweni yokwenza izinqumo zokwelashwa, abantu bangenza izinqumo ezinolwazi olufanele izidingo zabo zezokwelapha kanye nezintandokazi zabo, okuholela ekwelashweni okuphumelelayo kakhulu kwe-hernia yabo ye-epigastric.
Ukuqonda izimbangela kanye nezici ezibangela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hernia ye-epigastric kubalulekile kokubili ekuvimbeleni lesi simo kanye nokubhekana naso ngempumelelo uma senzeka.
Ngokuqaphela umthelela wokukhuluphala, ukukhulelwa, ukukhwehlela okungapheli, ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo, nezinye izici zomzimba, abantu bangathatha izinyathelo zokuvikela ubuqotho bemisipha yabo yesisu nokunciphisa ingozi yokuthola i-hernia ye-epigastric.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma beqaphela izimpawu futhi befuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngesikhathi, bangathola ukwelashwa okufanele ukuze balungise udonga lwesisu olubuthakathaka futhi bagweme izinkinga ezingaba khona, okuholela ekululameni okwanelisayo nokunempilo ku-hernia ye-epigastric.
Isiphetho
Ngamafuphi, i-hernia ye-epigastric yisimo esivamile esenzeka lapho kwakheka imbobo emisipheni ye-rectus yodonga lwesisu, okuvumela izicubu ukuba ziphume futhi zidale ukuvuvuka okubonakalayo.
Kungabangelwa yizici ezifana nokukhuluphala ngokweqile, ukukhulelwa, ukukhwehlela okungapheli, ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo, kanye nomsebenzi onzima womzimba. Ukwelashwa kwe-hernia ye-epigastric kuvame ukuhilela ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe imisipha ebuthaka futhi kuvalwe isikhala.
Ukuqonda izimbangela kanye nezici eziyingozi zalesi simo kungasiza abantu ukuthi bathathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela noma belaphe i-hernia ye-epigastric, njengoba i-hernia ye-epigastric iyinkinga yezempilo yomphakathi.
Siyabonga ngokuvakashela kanye namazwana akho aqotho kanye neziphakamiso kubhulogi: Impilo Yokuvimbela!
UDkt. Jorge Delgado, Udokotela Ohlinzayo. I-Epigastric Hernias: Izimbangela.