Siyakwamukela, msebenzisi we-inthanethi othandekayo, kubhulogi ezinikele empilweni yokuvimbela, ngokugxila kakhulu ezifweni zokugaya ukudla. Manje sizoqala ukuhlaziya kwethu isihloko esaziwa ngokuthi i-appendicitis. I-Appendicitis yisifo esithinta i-vermiform appendix, isitho esincane esitholakala engxenyeni engezansi kwesokudla yesisu.
Ukucasuka kwe-appendix kwenzeka ngenxa yokuvaleka kwe-appendix noma ukutheleleka kwesisu. Lesi sihloko sizohlola izimbangela ezivamile, izimpawu, kanye nezinketho zokwelapha i-appendicitis.
Kubalulekile ukwazi izimpawu ze-appendicitis "ezibhalwe ngabantu, ngenxa yabantu" , ngoba ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okusheshayo kubalulekile ekugwemeni izinkinga ezinkulu.
Ngakho-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unguchwepheshe wezokwelapha noma umane nje ufuna ukwazi ngalesi simo sokuthuthuka kwakho, qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ukuthi ungalondoloza kanjani isimo sengqondo sokuthatha isinyathelo futhi ubhekane nokuzethemba kanye nokwelapha ngokwakho.
Izenzo ezimbili ezimbi ezibambezela usizo lwezokwelapha ezibhedlela noma emitholampilo yezempilo yomphakathi noma yangasese ukunciphisa izinkinga zayo, futhi sizofunda kabanzi nge-appendicitis nokuthi singayibona kanjani futhi siyiphathe kanjani.
Ukuvuvukala kwe-appendix
Ukuvuvukala kwe-appendix, okwaziwa ngokuthi i-appendicitis, kuyisimo sezokwelapha esivamile okufanele wonke umuntu asiqaphele. Kwenzeka lapho i-vermiform appendix, isitho esincane esitholakala lapho kuhlangana khona amathumbu amancane namakhulu, ivuvukala futhi itheleleke.
Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi cishe abantu abangu-5 kuya ku-10% bazobhekana nokuhlaselwa yi-appendicitis ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yabo. Nakuba lesi simo singavela kunoma yiliphi iqembu lobudala, sivame ukubonwa kubantu abasha nakubantu abadala abaneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-10 no-30 ubudala.
Nakuba imbangela eqondile ye-appendicitis ingaziwa kaningi, kuye kwaphakanyiswa ukuthi ukuvaleka kwe-lumen ye-appendix—okubangelwa izinto ezifana nendle eqinile, amagciwane, imbewu, noma amathumba—kuholela ekuvuvukeni nasekuthelelekeni.
Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukulimala kwesisu esingezansi kwesokudla kungabangela i-appendicitis. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ubuhlungu besisu esingezansi kwesokudla, isicanucanu nokuhlanza, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye nomkhuhlane.
Uma ingelashwa, i-appendicitis ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo, njengezimpumputhe zesisu kanye ne-peritonitis eyesabekayo engaholela ku-sepsis esongela ukuphila; ngakho-ke, noma ubani othola lezi zimpawu kufanele afune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Labo abasola ukuthi bane-appendicitis kufanele bafune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha ukuze baqale ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu.
Manje sizophendula eminye imibuzo ephakamayo ekubonisaneni kwezokwelapha kanye namagumbi okuphuthumayo, ebuzwa yiziguli kanye nemindeni yazo:
Kuyini i-appendicitis?
Ukuqonda i-appendicitis kubalulekile ekutholeni izimpawu zayo nokuqinisekisa ukwelashwa okufanele. Ukuvuvukala kwe-appendix ye-vermiform kuvame ukuqala ngokuzumayo, ngobuhlungu obuqala nxazonke zenkaba bese buqhubekela esiswini esingezansi kwesokudla.
Ezinye izimpawu ezingaba khona zifaka phakathi ukuphelelwa yisifiso sokudla, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, kanye nomkhuhlane omncane. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izimpawu zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu, futhi kwezinye izimo, zingase zingabi yinto evamile.
Ngakho-ke, kungcono ngaso sonke isikhathi ukubonisana nodokotela ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa okunembile. Ukuze kutholakale i-appendicitis , odokotela bangenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, babukeze umlando wakho wezokwelapha, futhi kwezinye izimo, kungadinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe njenge-ultrasound noma i-computed tomography (CT) scans.
Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kubalulekile ukuze kugwenywe ezinye izinkinga nokuqinisekisa ukululama okuphumelelayo.
Ziyini izimbangela ze-appendicitis?
Ubuhlungu obuhambisana ne-appendicitis buwuphawu lokuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle, kodwa yini engaba imbangela yalokhu? Nakuba imbangela ye-appendicitis kwabesilisa ingaziwa kaningi , kukholakala ukuthi ibangelwa ukuvaleka kwe-appendix, okuholela ekukhuleni ngokweqile kwamagciwane kanye nokutheleleka okulandelayo.
Lokhu kuvinjelwa kungabangelwa izici ezahlukahlukene, njengendle eqinile, izidumbu zangaphandle, ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph node e-mesenteric ngenxa yokutheleleka kwesisu, noma ngisho nezimila.
Kungabangelwa futhi ukutheleleka ngegciwane noma amagciwane okusabalala kusuka emgudwini wokugaya ukudla. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imbangela iyini, ukuvaleka kuvimbela ukugeleza okuvamile koketshezi ku-vermiform appendix, okubangela ukuba ivuvuke, ivuvuke, futhi ibangele ukungakhululeki. Ukwehluleka ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha kungaholela ekuqhekekeni kwe-appendix kanye nezinkinga ezisongela ukuphila.
Izici ezithile eziyingozi zingandisa ingozi yokuthola i-appendicitis. Esinye salezi ubudala, obuvame ukuthinta abantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kweyi -10 nengama-30. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amadoda anamathuba amaningi okuthola i-appendicitis kunabesifazane. Umlando womndeni walesi sifo ungandisa namathuba okuthola lesi sifo.
Izimo ezithile zezokwelapha, njengesifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo noma i-cystic fibrosis , zingenza umuntu abe sengozini enkulu yokuba naso. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi noma ubani angathinteka, kungakhathaliseki ubudala, ubulili, noma umlando wezokwelapha.
Izici zendlela yokuphila nazo zingaba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-appendicitis. Isibonelo, ukudla okungenayo amanzi amaningi kanye ne-fiber yokudla kungaholela ekuqineni kwendle, okungabangela ngqo ukuvaleka. Ukungenzi lutho kanye nokuntuleka kokuvivinya umzimba nakho kungandisa ingozi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo nokugcina isisindo esinempilo kunganciphisa amathuba okuthola lesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ngisho nalabo abaphila impilo enempilo abagonyiwe ekuhlaselweni yi-appendicitis, njengoba imbangela ivame ukuba nezimbangela eziningi futhi iyinkimbinkimbi.
I-Appendicitis yisifo esiyinkimbinkimbi esingaba nezimbangela ezahlukahlukene. Nakuba ukuvaleka kwe-appendix kuyimbangela evamile , imbangela ethile yokuvaleka ingasukela endle eqinile kuya ezifweni.
Izici eziyingozi njengobudala, ubulili, umlando womndeni, kanye nezimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo zingandisa amathuba okuthola i-appendicitis. Izici zendlela yokuphila ezifana nokudla kanye nomsebenzi womzimba nazo zingaba nomthelela. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu ze-appendicitis futhi ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha ukuze ugweme izinkinga ezinkulu.
Ukuqonda ukungakhululeki kwe-appendicitis.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-appendicitis ebukhali?
Izimpawu ze-appendicitis zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu, kodwa kunezinye izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezivamile okufanele uziqaphele. Uphawu olulodwa olukhulu ubuhlungu besisu, oluvame ukuhambisana nokungaphatheki kahle okuvamile.
Lobuhlungu buvame ukutholakala esiswini esingezansi kwesokudla futhi bungaqala njengobuhlungu obuncane ngaphambi kokuba bube bukhulu . Bungabuye buhambisane nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza . Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abane-appendicitis bangase babe nomkhuhlane ophansi kanye nokukhathala.
Kwezinye izimo, ukungakhululeki kungase kusuke esiswini kuye esiswini noma ethangeni elingezansi kwesokudla.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izimpawu ze-appendicitis zingafana nezezinye izimo , ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uzwa ubuhlungu besisu obuqhubekayo noma noma yiziphi izimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla.
Esinye isibonakaliso se-appendicitis ukwanda kobuhlungu esiswini esingezansi kwesokudla. Le ndawo ingaba buhlungu uma uyithinta futhi ingase ihambisane nokuvuvukala kwendawo.
Ubuhlungu kanye nokuzwela kungase kube kubi kakhulu ngokunyakaza, njengokuhamba noma ukukhwehlela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abane-appendicitis bangase babe nezinguquko ekunyakazeni kwamathumbu. Bangase babone ukwehla kokuvama kokunyakaza kwamathumbu noma babe nokuqunjelwa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abanye abantu bangase babe nesifo sohudo. Kubalulekile ukunaka noma yiziphi izinguquko emikhubeni yamathumbu, njengoba lokhu kungaba uphawu lwe-appendicitis. Kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha, njengoba i-appendicitis engalashwanga ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-appendicitis
Ukuthola ukuxilongwa okufanele kwe-appendicitis kubalulekile ekukhetheni ukwelashwa okufanele. Uchwepheshe wezempilo oqeqeshiwe uzohlola izimpawu zesiguli kanye nomlando wezokwelapha, ecabangela izici eziningana.
Ngokuhlolwa okujulile ngokomzimba nokuhlolwa, odokotela bangayibona ngokunembile i-appendix evuvukele futhi banqume ukuthi ibukhali kangakanani. Kwezinye izimo, kungadingeka inhlanganisela yokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, kanye nezifundo zezithombe, njenge-ultrasound noma i-CT scan.
Uphawu oluyinhloko olufunwa ochwepheshe bezempilo ukuze bathole ukuthi i-appendicitis ibuhlungu obukhulu besisu. Ukungakhululeki kuvame ukuqala eduze kwenkaba bese kudlulela ohlangothini olungezansi lwesokudla lwesisu. Ubuhlungu bungaba bukhali futhi bube bukhulu, futhi bungaba bubi kakhulu ngokusebenza ngokomzimba noma ukukhwehlela.
Ngaphezu kwalolu buhlungu obuphawulekayo, kungase kube nezinye izimpawu , njengesicanucanu, ukuhlanza, nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla. Lezi zimpawu, kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nokuhlolwa kokuxilonga, zingasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuxilongwa kwe-appendicitis ebukhali.
Ochwepheshe bezempilo kufanele futhi bacabangele umlando wezokwelapha wesiguli kanye nanoma yiziphi izigameko zangaphambilini zobuhlungu besisu. Lolu lwazi lunganikeza ukuqonda okubalulekile mayelana namathuba okuba ne-appendicitis futhi lusize enkambisweni yokuxilonga.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inani eliphezulu lamaseli amhlophe egazi ekuhlolweni kwegazi livame ukuba uphawu lokutheleleka , okungasekela kakhulu ukuxilongwa kwe-appendicitis. Ngokubukeza ngokucophelela yonke imininingwane etholakalayo, ochwepheshe bezempilo bangenza ukuxilongwa okunembile futhi banikeze uhlelo lokwelapha olungcono kakhulu.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuhlonza i-appendicitis ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima, njengoba izimpawu zingahluka kuye ngesiguli futhi zifane nezezinye izimo. Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe noma ukubonisana nochwepheshe kungadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuhlonza. Ukuhlonza ngesikhathi esifanele nangokunembile kubalulekile ukuvimbela izinkinga nokuqinisekisa ukwelashwa okufanele.
Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ikakhulukazi uma buhambisana nezinye izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane noma ukuhlanza, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Uchwepheshe wezokwelapha kuphela ohlelweni lokunakekelwa kwempilo lukahulumeni noma oluzimele ongakunikeza ukuxilongwa okunembile futhi akunikeze iseluleko ngezinketho zokwelashwa ezifanele.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Appendicitis
Ukwelapha i-appendicitis kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekuphatheni lesi sifo ngempumelelo. Ukuxilongwa okuqinisekisiwe kwe-appendicitis kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuqhekeka kwe-appendix. Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa kuhilela i- laparoscopic appendicitis , inqubo yokuhlinzwa esebenzisa ukusikwa okuncane kanye namathuluzi akhethekile.
Uma i-appendix isivele iqhumile noma uma ibambeka ngesikhathi senqubo ye-laparoscopic, kungadingeka ukuthi iguqulwe ibe yi- appendix evulekile . Uma i-appendix isisusiwe, kuvame ukunikezwa ama-antibiotic ukuvimbela ukutheleleka, futhi iziguli ziqashwe ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokululama.
Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kwe-appendicitis kubalulekile ekunciphiseni amathuba okuba nezinkinga. Uma ukwelashwa kwephuza, i-appendix ingaqhuma futhi iholele ku- peritonitis , isimo esisongela ukuphila esibangelwa ukungcola komgodi wesisu.
Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu ze-appendicitis - ubuhlungu besisu, ikakhulukazi ohlangothini olungezansi kwesokudla, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, kanye nomkhuhlane ophansi - bese ucela usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-appendectomy , kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo yangemva kokuhlinzwa oyinikezwe yithimba lezempilo. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi ukuphuza imithi yobuhlungu oyinikezwe ngudokotela, ukudla ukudla okunempilo, kanye nokwandisa kancane kancane umsebenzi wakho njengoba uyalelwe. Wonke umuntu uhlukile, kodwa ngokuvamile ungabuyela esimisweni sakho esijwayelekile zingakapheli amasonto amathathu kuya kwamane.
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuphulukiswa, qaphela noma yiziphi izimpawu zokutheleleka noma izinkinga, njengomkhuhlane , ubuhlungu obandayo, noma ukuphuma kwamanzi endaweni yokusikwa . Uma kuvela noma iyiphi yalezi zinkinga, kubalulekile ukuthi uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Ngokulandela uhlelo lokwelashwa nokuqapha ngokucophelela ukululama, amathuba empumelelo ayanda futhi izingozi zezinkinga ezihlobene ne-appendicitis ziyancishiswa.
Izinkinga ze-appendicitis
I-appendicitis ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu uma ingelashwa. Enye yeziyingozi kakhulu i-appendix ephukile, eyenzeka lapho isitho esivuvukele siqhuma, okuvumela amagciwane ukuthi angene esiswini futhi abangele i-peritonitis.
Lesi simo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha singadala ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, umkhuhlane, isicanucanu kanye nokuhlanza, ngakho-ke kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha hhayi ukwethuka bese uqala ngokuzihlola noma ukuzelapha, izenzo ezimbili ezimbi eziholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu.
Kwezinye izimo, umzimba ungase uzame ukuvimba ukutheleleka ngokudala ithumba . Leli phakethe lobomvu lingabangela ubuhlungu besisu obuqhubekayo, umkhuhlane, kanye nobunzima bendawo.
Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuhilela ukukhipha ubomvu, kungaba ngokusika okuncane noma ukusebenzisa amasu aqondiswa yisithombe, kanye nokunikeza ama-antibiotic. Ukwehluleka ukwelapha ithumba ngokushesha kungaholela ezinkingeni ezengeziwe.
Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-appendicitis ingaholela ekukhuleni kwe-appendiceal mass. Ukutheleleka kanye nokuvuvukala kwe-appendix kubangela ukuthi izicubu eziseduze zivuvuke bese kwakheka i-mass , okungadala ubuhlungu obungapheli esiswini esingezansi kwesokudla.
Ukwelashwa kwe-appendiceal mass kungafaka phakathi ama-antibiotics kanye nokuqapha, futhi kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa kokususa i-mass kungadingeka. Uma kungelashwa, izimpawu nezimbangela eziyisisekelo ze-appendicitis zingase ziphinde zivele , noma ezinye izinkinga zingase zivele.
Ukuvimbela i-appendicitis
Ukulondoloza impilo enhle nokugwema isidingo sokuhlinzwa kungatholakala ngokuvimbela i-appendicitis. Lokhu kuhilela ukugxila ekudleni nasendleleni yokuphila . Ukulandela ukudla okune-fiber eningi , okucebile ngezithelo nemifino, kungakhuthaza ukuhamba kwamathumbu njalo futhi kunciphise ingozi yokuqunjelwa, okuyisici esaziwayo sengozi ye-appendicitis.
Hlala unamanzi ngokuphuza amalitha ama-2 amanzi anuka kamnandi owathandayo, njenge-chamomile, i-boldo, impande ye-dandelion, njll., usuku lonke ; ngakho-ke, phatha i-thermos yengilazi noma yensimbi.
Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo njenge-calisthenics, ukuhamba ngokushesha, ukugibela ibhayisikili, noma ukulandela uhlelo lokuzivocavoca nakho kungagcina uhlelo lokugaya ukudla lusebenza kahle futhi kunciphise amathuba okuba ne-appendicitis.
Ukuhlanzeka okuhle kubalulekile futhi ekuvimbeleni izifo. Ukugeza izandla zakho njalo ngensipho namanzi, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokupheka noma ukudla , kusiza ekuqedeni noma yimaphi amagciwane ayingozi angabangela i-appendicitis.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugwema ukusondelana nalabo abanezifo noma izifo zesisu kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukusabalala kwalesi simo.
Isiphetho
Ngamafuphi, ukulawula izifo ezingamahlalakhona, njengesifo sikashukela noma isifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo, kanye nokugcina isisindo esinempilo nakho kubalulekile ukuvimbela i-appendicitis.
Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kanye nezifo ezithile kuhlotshaniswa nengozi ephezulu yokuthola lesi sifo, ngakho-ke kungaba yinzuzo ukusebenza nochwepheshe bezempilo ukuze uphathe lezi zici eziyingozi.
Okokugcina, kubalulekile ukwazi izimpawu ze-appendicitis nokufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uzwa ubuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu, noma ukuphelelwa yisifiso sokudla. Ukwenza ngokushesha nokuthola ukunakekelwa okufanele kungasiza ekuvimbeleni izinkinga ezengeziwe futhi mhlawumbe ngisho nesidingo sokuhlinzwa.
Manje yisikhathi esifanele sokubonisa ubumbano ngokwabelana ngolwazi lwezempilo lokuvimbela mayelana nokucasuka kwe-vermiform appendix ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, ukuze ndawonye sikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umndeni nabangani bayazi ngalokhu futhi bagweme izinkinga ezinkulu.
Ngiyabonga ngemibono neziphakamiso zakho ngezihloko zokugaya ukudla okufanele zihlaziywe. Ngikufisela okuhle, futhi sizobonana ngesikhathi esizayo!
UDkt. Jorge Delgado, Udokotela Ohlinzayo. Ukuvuvukala kwe-appendix.