Siyakwamukela, msebenzisi we-inthanethi, kubhulogi yezempilo yokugaya ukudla. Ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi, ake siqonde ngqo esihlokweni socwaningo: izimpawu zesisu esibuhlungu zingaba uphawu lwesimo sezempilo esiphuthumayo nesingathi sína esidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo.
Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngezimbangela nezimpawu zesisu esibuhlungu, kanye nokuhlolwa kokuxilonga kanye nezinketho zokwelapha ezitholakalayo njengamanje.
Izimpawu zesisu ezibukhali kanye nokungakhululeki kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibi semvelo esidinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha ezibhedlela noma emitholampilo yezempilo yomphakathi noma yangasese uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu noma ukungakhululeki; lesi yisiphakamiso esihle kakhulu "esibhalwe ngabantu, sabantu".
Manje yisikhathi esifanele sokukumema ukuthi uphuze inkomishi yetshokolethi emnyama engenazo izithako zokwenziwa, exutshwe emanzini futhi ihlanganiswe nokunambitheka okumnandi okumnandi kwama-cranberry. Kuyingxube enamandla yokuthuthukisa umphumela we-neurostimulant wemvelo ongu-100% abanawo futhi bafinyelele ukugxila okuphezulu kwengqondo ukuze bathole ulwazi olusha lokuthuthukiswa komuntu siqu.
Lolu lwazi olusha luzokhuthaza indlela yokuthatha isinyathelo futhi lukuvimbele ukuthi ungaweli ogibeni lokuzihlola noma lokwelapha, okuchitha isikhathi esibalulekile ukufuna usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha kanye nokubhekana nezinkinga ezingaba khona. Ngakho-ke ake singene sijule kulolu cwaningo olusha noluthakazelisayo mayelana nempilo yokuvimbela!
Izimpawu zesisu esibuhlungu
Ukungakhululeki kwesisu esibuhlungu kuyakhathaza kakhulu futhi kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo. Isisu esibuhlungu yigama lezokwelapha elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza ubuhlungu besisu obungazelelwe nobunzima.
Ngokuvamile kuhambisana nezinye izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukubanda, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye nokushintsha kwezikhathi zokuhamba kwamathumbu, ubuthakathaka nokuqunjelwa, ukuqunjelwa noma uhudo; kanye nokungakwazi ukukhipha umoya.
Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungase kuvele izimpawu ezengeziwe, njengobuhlungu bekhanda obukhulu noma ubunzima bokuphefumula. Nakuba izimpawu ezihambisanayo zihluka kumuntu nomuntu, izimbangela eziyisisekelo zivame ukufana kuzo zonke iziguli.
Phakathi kwezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zesisu esibuhlungu yi-appendicitis, i-biliary colic, amatshe ezinso, i-pancreatitis, ukuvaleka kwamathumbu noma ukubhoboka kwawo, kanye ne-diverticulitis. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, uma kungelashwa noma kutholakale kabi, kungavela izinkinga ezifana ne-sepsis noma ukwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba.
Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile kanye nokwelashwa okufanele.
Incazelo:
Ubuhlungu besisu obubukhali, obuvame ukwaziwa ngokuthi isisu esibukhali , buyisimo esibucayi sezokwelapha esibonakala ngobuhlungu obungazelelwe nobubukhali esiswini. Bubhekwa njengesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha futhi ngokuvamile budinga ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa okuphuthumayo.
Lesi simo sihlanganisa izimbangela eziningi ezingaba khona, okuhlanganisa, kodwa kungagcini lapho, izinkinga zesisu kanye nezimo zokuvuvukala.
Isisu esibuhlungu ngokuvamile sihlotshaniswa nezimpawu ezahlukahlukene ezingaba nemiphumela ebalulekile empilweni yomuntu kanye nenhlalakahle yakhe. Izimpawu zesisu esibuhlungu zingahluka kakhulu, futhi kubalulekile ukuhlonza imbangela ethile ngokushesha nangokunembile ukuze kuhlinzekwe ngokungenelela kwezokwelapha okufanele futhi okufika ngesikhathi.
Uma isiguli sizwa ubuhlungu obukhulu esiswini, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele ukuze kutholakale imbangela eyinhloko, njengoba lesi simo singase sibe uphawu lwezinkinga eziningi ezisongela ukuphila njengokuvaleka kwamathumbu, ukubhoboka, noma ukuvuvukala.
Izimpawu ezivamile zesisu esibuhlungu zifaka phakathi ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu obuqala ngokuzumayo, obungase buhambisane nezinye izimpawu ezifana nokucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza, kanye nokuvuvukala kwesisu.
Uhlobo oluqondile kanye nobukhulu bezimpawu kunganikeza izinkomba ezibalulekile mayelana nembangela engaba khona yesisu esibuhlungu, okwazisa inqubo yokuxilonga kanye nokuphathwa okulandelayo.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko
Isisu esibuhlungu singabangelwa yizimo ezahlukahlukene, ezinye zazo ezidinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha noma ukuhlinzwa okusheshayo . Izimbangela ezivamile zesisu esibuhlungu zifaka phakathi i-appendicitis kwabesilisa, okuhlanganisa ukuvuvukala kwe-appendix , kanye ne-cholecystitis, isimo sokuvuvukala esithinta inyongo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimo ezinjengokuvinjelwa kwamathumbu, isilonda se-peptic esinezimbobo, kanye ne-pancreatitis nazo zivame ukubangela ukuqala kobuhlungu obukhulu besisu.
Kwezinye izimo, izinkinga zabesifazane ezifana nama-cyst esibelethweni noma ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic zingabonakala njengesisu esibuhlungu, okugcizelela kakhulu ububanzi bezimbangela ezingaba khona okumele zicatshangelwe ngokucophelela ngesikhathi senqubo yokuxilonga.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi nakuba ezinye izimbangela zesisu esibuhlungu zingase zibe yingozi, ezinye zingaba yingozi enkulu empilweni yesiguli futhi zidinga ukuphathwa okunembile nokusheshayo.
Isibonelo, ukuba khona kwe -aorta aneurysm yesisu , ebonakala ngokukhula okungavamile kwe-aorta, kumelela isimo esisongela ukuphila futhi kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuphuthumayo ukuze kuvinjelwe imiphumela emibi kakhulu.
Njengoba kunezinhlobo eziningi zezimbangela ezingaba khona , indlela ephelele nehlelekile yokuhlola izimbangela zesisu esibuhlungu ibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukungenelela okufika ngesikhathi nangokuphumelelayo.
izimpawu ezibalulekile
Izimpawu zesisu esibuhlungu ziningi futhi zingahluka kuye ngembangela eyinhloko. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu ezithile ezibalulekile zivame ukubonwa, kufaka phakathi ubuhlungu besisu obungazelelwe nobunzima, obungase buvele endaweni ethile noma busabalale, futhi bungase buhlotshaniswe nokuqina noma ukwanda kobuhlungu lapho uthinta.
Iziguli ezinesisu esibuhlungu zingase zibe nesicanucanu, ukuhlanza, kanye nobunzima bokukhipha indle noma ukukhipha igesi, okwenza kube nokusolakala kokuvaleka kwamathumbu.
Kwezinye izimo, ukuba khona kwezimpawu ezengeziwe njengomkhuhlane, ukubanda, noma i-jaundice (ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo, okuhambisana nokulunywa okukhulu) kunganikeza ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nembangela eyinhloko yalesi simo.
Kubalulekile ukuthi ochwepheshe bezempilo baqaphele ukuhlonza nokuhumusha lezi zimpawu ezibalulekile ukuze baqondise ngempumelelo inqubo yokuxilonga.
Ngakho-ke, ukuhlonza nokuhumusha izimpawu ezithile kubalulekile ukuze kuhlukaniswe phakathi kwezimbangela zesisu esibuhlungu ezibangelwa ukuhlinzwa kanye nezimbangela ezingezona ezokuhlinzwa .
Isibonelo, nakuba ubuhlungu obungazelelwe, obukhulu, nobuqhubekayo buvame ukukhombisa izimo zokuhlinzwa ezifana ne-appendicitis noma ukubhoboka kwamathumbu, izimpawu ezingezona eziqondile njengokuqunjelwa noma ukungakhululeki okuncane kungase kubonise kakhulu izimbangela ezingezona ezingokuhlinzwa ezifana ne -gastritis noma i-gastroenteritis.
Ikhono lokubona lezi zifo ezibalulekile lingaba nomthelela omkhulu ekuphathweni kanye nemiphumela elandelayo yeziguli eziveza ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu.
Hlola físico
Ukuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba kuyisici esibalulekile sokuhlolwa kwesiguli esinesisu esibuhlungu. Ukuhlolwa kufanele kufake ukuhlolwa kwezimpawu ezibalulekile , kugxilwe kakhulu ekucindezelweni kwegazi kwesiguli, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, izinga lokuphefumula, kanye nezinga lokushisa, njengoba ukungalingani kulezi zimpawu kunganikeza izinkomba ezibalulekile zokuxilonga.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzwakala kwesisu kanye nokusithinta ngomunwe kubalulekile ukuhlola imisindo yamathumbu kanye nezimpawu zokuqina noma ukwanda kokuthamba kokubuyela emuva kwengcindezi yedijithali noma uphawu oluhle lwe-Blumberg , okungase kubonise ukucasuka kwe-peritoneal kanye nokugula okungaba yingozi kwangaphakathi kwesisu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kufanele kufake nokuhlolwa kwezinye izindawo ezifanele, okuhlanganisa nokuhlolwa kwezinhlelo ze -genitourinary kanye ne-gynecological ezimweni ezithile, kanye nokuhlolwa okuphelele komlando wezokwelapha wesiguli kanye nanoma yiziphi izimo ezikhona ezingase zibe nomthelela ekuvezweni kwesisu esibuhlungu.
Ukuhlanganisa lezi zinto ezahlukahlukene ekuhlolweni ngokomzimba kubalulekile ukuze kucaciswe izimbangela ezingaba khona zesisu esibuhlungu nokuqondisa izindlela ezilandelayo zokuxilonga nokwelapha ngendlela ephelele neqondene nesiguli.
ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga
Ukuxilonga isisu esibuhlungu ngokuvamile kuhilela ukusebenzisa izivivinyo ezahlukene zokuxilonga ukuze kutholakale imbangela eyisisekelo ngokunembile futhi kusungulwe uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele.
Lokhu kungafaka ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuphelele ukuhlola izimpawu zokutheleleka, ukuvuvukala, ukungasebenzi kahle noma ukulimala kwezitho zomzimba, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwezinto ezibangela ukujiya kwegazi ngenxa yamathuba aphezulu okungenelela kokuhlinzwa.
Ngaphezu kokuqinisa ngezifundo zezithombe ezifana ne-ultrasound yesisu, ukuskena kwe-computed tomography (CT) noma ama-x-ray ukuze kubonwe izitho zesisu futhi kutholakale noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka noma isimo se-pathological.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo, izinqubo zokuxilonga ezifana nokuhlanzwa kwe-peritoneal noma i-endoscopy zingasetshenziswa ukuhlola kabanzi umthombo wezimpawu zesiguli, uma nje isimo sesiguli sikuvumela; ngaphandle kwalokho, kwenziwa i-laparotomy yokuhlola ngokushesha ukuze kutholakale imbangela yesisu esibuhlungu.
Kubalulekile ukuthi ochwepheshe bezempilo baqaphele ukubaluleka kwalezi zivivinyo zokuxilonga ekuboneni nasekuchazeni ngempumelelo izimbangela zesisu esibuhlungu.
Ukukhetha kanye nokuhumusha ngokuhlakanipha kwalezi zivivinyo kubalulekile ukuze kube lula ukuthola izifo ezinembile nezifike ngesikhathi, okuvumela ukuqaliswa okusheshayo kwezinyathelo zokwelapha ezifanele ezihambisana nezidingo nezimo ezithile zesiguli ngasinye.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiphumela yalezi zivivinyo idlala indima ebalulekile ekuqondiseni ukuhlolwa kokubikezela kanye nokuphathwa okuqhubekayo kweziguli ezinesisu esibuhlungu.
Ukuhlukaniswa
Ukuhlukaniswa kwesisu esibuhlungu kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kusekelwe ngokuyinhloko emvelaphi eyisisekelo kanye nokubonakaliswa kwezokwelapha. Ngokuvamile, isisu esibuhlungu singahlukaniswa ngezimbangela zokuhlinzwa kanye nezimbangela ezingezona ezokuhlinzwa , isigaba ngasinye sihlanganisa izimo eziningi ezingenzeka kanye nezifo.
- I-Las izimbangela zokuhlinzwa Lokhu kuvame ukufaka phakathi izimo ezifana ne-appendicitis, i-cholecystitis, ukuvaleka kwamathumbu, noma i-viscus ebhobokile, konke okuvame ukudinga ukungenelela okuphuthumayo kokuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe isifo esiyisisekelo futhi kuvinjelwe ezinye izinkinga.
- Ngokuphambene nalokho, izimbangela ezingezona ezokuhlinzwa isisu esibuhlungu Lokhu kungafaka phakathi izimo ezifana nokuthi i-gastritis, i-gastroenteritis, noma izifo zomgudu womchamookungaphathwa ngezinyathelo ezingangenisi uhlaselo noma zezokwelapha, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokungenelela kokuhlinzwa.
Kubalulekile ukuthi ochwepheshe bezempilo bahlukanise ngokunembile phakathi kwalezi zigaba nezimbangela ezahlukahlukene ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iziguli zithola ukunakekelwa okufanele kakhulu nokufika ngesikhathi ngokusekelwe esimweni esithile sesimo sazo.
Ukuhlukaniswa okucacile nokuphelele kwesisu esibuhlungu kubalulekile ukuqondisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamasu okwelashwa aqondene nomuntu ngamunye nokuthuthukisa imiphumela yesiguli ukuze silulame ngokushesha futhi siphole amanxeba.
Izindlela zokwelapha
Ukwelashwa kwesisu esibuhlungu kuncike embangela ethile eyisisekelo futhi kungase kuhlanganise izindlela ezahlukene zokwelashwa, ukuhlinzwa, kanye nokusekela ezimweni ezinzima ezidinga ukungeniswa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU).
Ezimweni lapho imbangela yesisu esibuhlungu ihlobene nesimo sokuhlinzwa njenge-appendicitis noma ukuvaleka kwamathumbu, ukungenelela okusheshayo kokuhlinzwa kuvame ukudingeka ukuze kuxazululwe lesi sifo futhi kuvinjelwe izinkinga ezingaba khona, njengokwakheka kwethumba noma ukubhoboka kwesitho kanye nesimo esibi se-peritonitis.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, izimbangela zesisu esibuhlungu ezingadingi ukuhlinzwa zingalawulwa ngezinyathelo ezilondolozayo njengokubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni kanye nokulinganisela kwe-electrolyte, imithi yobuhlungu, ama-antibiotic, kanye nokunakekelwa okusekelayo ukuze kuncishiswe izimpawu futhi kulungiswe imbangela eyinhloko.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kokwelashwa okufanele kwesisu esibuhlungu kudinga nendlela ebanzi nehlukahlukene, ehilela ukubambisana okuseduze phakathi kochwepheshe bezempilo abavela kochwepheshe abahlukahlukene ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iziguli zithola ukunakekelwa okusebenzayo nokuqondene nomuntu ngamunye.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imfundo nokusekelwa kwesiguli kuyizingxenye ezibalulekile zenqubo yokwelashwa, njengoba kunika iziguli amandla okuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo ekunakekelweni kwazo futhi zilandele izinyathelo ezidingekayo zangemva kokwelashwa ukuze kukhuthazwe ukululama nokunciphisa ingozi yokuphinda kuvele noma izinkinga.
Isibikezelo
Isibikezelo sesisu esibuhlungu siyahlukahluka ngokwemvelo futhi sincike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa imbangela eyinhloko, ukushesha kokungenelela, kanye nesimo sempilo somuntu othintekile.
Ezimweni lapho isimo sitholakala khona ngokushesha nangokunembile, futhi kuthathwa izinyathelo zokwelashwa ezifanele ngesikhathi esifanele, isibikezelo ngokuvamile siyathandeka, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi impilo nenhlalakahle zizolulama ngokugcwele.
Kodwa-ke, ukubambezeleka ekuxilongweni noma ekwelashweni, kanye nokuba khona kwezici eziyinkimbinkimbi noma izinkinga ezihambisana nalesi sifo, kungathinta kakhulu ukubikezela futhi kwandise ingozi yesikhathi eside sokululama noma izinkinga ezinkulu ezidinga ukubhekwa njalo.
Kubalulekile ukuthi ochwepheshe bezempilo benze ukuhlolwa okujulile kwezimo zomuntu ngamunye zesiguli futhi basebenzisane naso ukuze bathuthukise uzwela kanye nohlelo lokwelashwa nokuqapha oluqondene nezidingo zabo ezithile futhi luthuthukise amathuba abo okululama.
Ukulandelela njalo kanye nokuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kuyizinto ezibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iziguli ezinesisu esibuhlungu ziyabikezelwa, njengoba kuvumela ukuhlonza nokuphatha kusenesikhathi izinkinga noma ukuphinda kwesifo, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukisa impilo nenhlalakahle yesiguli isikhathi eside.
Nini ukufuna ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo
Isiphakamiso esihle kakhulu esivezwe yithimba, kanye noDkt. Delgado njengodokotela ohlinzayo, ukuthi iziguli ezizwa ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu kufanele zelulekwe ukuthi zifune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha emakamelweni ezimo eziphuthumayo, ikakhulukazi uma zizwa ubuhlungu besisu obungazelelwe nobunzima, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo, noma izimpawu zokushaqeka njengokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, isiyezi, noma ukuquleka.
Futhi, abantu abanomlando wezimo ezithile ezifana nesifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo, ukuhlinzwa kwesisu kwangaphambilini, noma izinkinga ezaziwayo zesisu noma zezifo zabesifazane kufanele baqaphele kakhulu futhi bathathe isinyathelo sokufuna usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo uma beba nokungakhululeki okubonisa isisu esibuhlungu.
Ukufinyelela ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo ngesikhathi kubalulekile esimweni sesisu esibuhlungu, njengoba kuvumela ukuhlolwa okusheshayo, ukuxilongwa, kanye nokungenelela, okubalulekile ekunciphiseni izinkinga ezingaba khona kanye nokwenza ngcono imiphumela yesiguli.
Iziguli nabanakekeli kufanele bafundiswe ngezimpawu eziyisixwayiso kanye nezici eziyingozi ezihlobene nesisu esibuhlungu ukuze kube lula ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi abantu abadinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuphuthumayo bathola ukunakekelwa okufika ngesikhathi nokufanelekile ukuze babhekane nesimo sabo ngempumelelo.
Isiphetho
Ukufingqa iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu, ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu buyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esingaba nemiphumela emibi uma singelashwa . Bungabangelwa yizici ezahlukahlukene, njengomoya, ukuqunjelwa, noma ukuvuvukala, futhi bungabonakala nezimpawu ezifana nokucanuzela kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza.
Ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo nokufika ngesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okufanele, ngokusekelwe embangela eyinhloko, kubalulekile ukuze kube nomphumela omuhle ezimweni zesisu esibuhlungu. Kubalulekile ukufuna ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo ngeminyango yezimo eziphuthumayo yohlelo lokunakekelwa kwempilo lukahulumeni noma oluzimele uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu ukuze uvimbele izinkinga ezingaba khona.
Manje sekuyisikhathi sokubonisa ubumbano nomndeni nabangane ngokwabelana ngolwazi lwezempilo lokuvimbela isisu esibuhlungu ngokusebenzisa izinkundla zokuxhumana, futhi ndawonye singanciphisa izinkinga ezinkulu nezingathi sína.
Ngezinye izikhathi zingaba yingozi, njengokubhoboka kwezitho zomzimba, futhi ukubambezeleka kokunakekelwa kwempilo kuholela ku-peritonitis eyesabekayo, futhi lokhu kube yi-sepsis ebulalayo enokwehluleka kwezitho eziningi.
Siyabonga ngokushiya imibono neziphakamiso zakho ebhokisini elihambisanayo; konke kuzofundwa futhi uzothola impendulo ekubambisaneni kwakho, njengoba ibhulogi iqhutshwa abaphathi, ithimba labahleli, kanye nezithameli.
Ngikufisela okuhle, futhi sethemba ukukubona maduze nje kubhulogi lezempilo yokugaya ukudla!
UDkt. Jorge Delgado, Udokotela Ohlinzayo. Izimpawu Zesisu Esibuhlungu.