I-gallbladder ethukuthele: izimpawu, izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa

Sawubona, msebenzisi we-inthanethi othandekayo, futhi wamukelekile kule bhulogi enolwazi mayelana nempilo yokugaya ukudla ekhetheke kakhulu. Inyongo ecasukile yindlela yomzimba wakho yokukuxwayisa ngokuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngohlelo lwakho lwenyongo; kungumyalezo okungafanele unganakwa.

Ngaphambi kokuhlola izimbangela zokuvuvukala noma izinketho zokwelapha eziqondile, ngiyakumema ukuthi ukhulule ukucindezeleka ezandleni zakho futhi uphefumule ngokuthula; ulwazi olunembile lwezokwelapha luyisisekelo sempilo engenabuhlungu.

Ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sezemfundo sikaDkt. Jorge Delgado, sizohlaziya ngokucophelela indlela yokubona lesi simo futhi sisivimbele ukuthi singaqhubekeli ezinkingeni ezinkulu.

Imibuzo ebuzwa njalo

Ake siqonde ngqo esihlokweni: inyongo ecasukile. Okokuqala, ake sichaze inyongo: iyisitho esincane, esinomumo wepheya esitholakala ngaphansi kwesibindi.

Ingamamitha angu-7 kuya kwangu-10 ubude kanye nobubanzi obungu-2 kuya kwangu-4. Inesibopho sokugcina, ukugxila, nokukhulula i-bile ekhiqizwa yisibindi ukuze kube lula ukugaya amafutha, i-cholesterol, kanye namavithamini ancibilikayo emafutheni: A, D, E, kanye no-K. Lapho inyongo ivuvukala, ingabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu kanye nokungakhululeki.

Kulesi sihloko sezokwelapha mayelana nolwazi lokuvimbela, sizohlola nsuku zonke izingozi ezinkulu ezihlobene nenyongo evuvukele futhi sinikeze ulwazi olusha lokuthuthukiswa komuntu siqu olunquma isimo sengqondo sokuthatha isinyathelo. "Kubhalwe ngabantu, ngenxa yabantu" mayelana nendlela yokusebenzisa lolu lwazi kanye nezinye iziphakamiso zesimo esithile.

Inyongo ecasukile

Inyongo evuvukele iyisimo sempilo sokugaya ukudla esingaba sibi kakhulu, futhi ngokuthakazelisayo, ukusabalala kwayo kubantu abaningi kuye kwanda. Funda ngezingozi.

Ngokwezibalo, kulinganiselwa ukuthi phakathi kuka- 10 no-15% wabantu abadala bazoba nokuvuvukala kwenyongo ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yabo.

Izimbangela zalesi simo zifaka phakathi amatshe enyongo, izifo ezinzima njenge-sepsis, ngisho ne-primary sclerosing cholangitis, isifo sesibindi esingavamile.

Ngokuphathelene nezimpawu, abantu abaningi bazwa ubuhlungu obukhulu, obubukhali besisu esiswini esingaphezulu kwesokudla, obungase buvele emhlane noma ehlombe ohlangothini olufanayo; noma kunjalo, bangase babe nesicanucanu nokuhlanza, umkhuhlane, ukubanda, kanye nokuvuvukala kwesisu.

Uma ingelashwa, ingadala izinkinga ezinkulu , njengenyongo ethelelekile noma ebhobozekile noma i-pancreatitis.

Ngakho-ke, ukwazi idatha yezibalo ngama-gallbladder avuvukele kungasiza abantu baqaphele izimpawu zabo ukuze, uma kudingeka, bakwazi ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha ezibhedlela noma emitholampilo yezempilo, ngohlelo lwezempilo lukahulumeni noma oluzimele, kuye ngokuthi bakuphi.

Inyongo

Inyongo iyisitho esibalulekile ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla. Inyongo isenza sikwazi ukugaya amafutha nokudla okuthosiwe, okuyingxenye yokudla kwabantu abaningi kwansuku zonke.

Ukukhuthazwa okungapheli okuvela kulokhu kudla okunamafutha kubangela ukuthi inyongo kanye nezingxenye zayo zande ekugxilweni okuvela esibindini futhi zibe nzima kakhulu ngenxa yokugxilwa enyongweni, kuze kube yilapho kwakheka amatshe (ama-calculi noma ama-lith) anobukhulu obuhlukene, izimo nemibala.

Lokhu kuba khona kwamatshe enyongo noma amatshe okungapheli kubangela ukucasuka okungapheli kwamangqamuzana amancane odongeni lwenyongo, okuhlukile phakathi kwabesifazane nabesilisa.

Kwabesifazane, ngenxa yokuba khona kwama-hormone abesifazane (i-estrogen ne-progesterone), umdlavuza we-gallbladder ungenye yezifo ezesatshwa kakhulu kubo; awunayo ukwelashwa okusekelwe ku-chemotherapy futhi awuzweli ekwelashweni ngemisebe.

Ukwakheka kwenyongo

I-Bile iyisithako samanzi esakhiwe ngezinto eziphilayo ezincibilikayo (ama-bile acid, ama-phospholipid, i-cholesterol, imibala ye-bile, i-glutathione, amaprotheni, ama-metabolites amaningi ezinto ezingaphandle kanye nezingaphandle) kanye nezinto ezincibilikayo ezingaphili (i-bicarbonate, i-chloride, i-potassium, i-sodium kanye ne-calcium).

Ukuvuvukala kwenyongo

Funda ngezingozi zesinye sezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokucasuka kwenyongo: i-acute cholecystitis. Kungabangelwa futhi ukucasuka okungapheli okubangelwa ukwakheka nokuba khona kwamatshe enyongo.

Uma la matshe ehlala emigudwini yesimiso senyongo, angabangela ukuvaleka, okuyisisekelo sokuqala ukuvuvukala kwenyongo kanye nobuhlungu obukhulu engxenyeni ephezulu kwesokudla yesisu.

Ezinye izimbangela zifaka phakathi ukutheleleka, ukulimala, noma ukuvinjelwa kwe-bile duct. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-gallbladder engabaliwe enezindonga ezincane yenzeka ngenxa yokwanda kodonga okubangelwa ukungalingani kwesakhiwo futhi kuhambisana nobuhlungu kanye nokuqina kwengxenye ephezulu yesokudla yesisu.

Izingozi ezihambisana nokuvuvukala kwenyongo

Ngaphandle kokuthola usizo lwezokwelapha kusenesikhathi, ukucasuka kwenyongo kungaholela ezinkingeni eziningi ezinkulu, okuhlanganisa:

• Ukutheleleka: inyongo evuvukele. Uma isimo siqhubeka ngenxa yokuvuvukala kanye nokuntuleka kokujikeleza kwenyongo, singatheleleka, okubangela umkhuhlane, ukubanda kanye nobuhlungu obukhulu besisu.
• Ukuhlukana: Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, inyongo evuvukele futhi evulekile ingaqhuma, okubangela ukutheleleka okusongela ukuphila, i-peritonitis.
• I-Jaundice: Uma imisele yenyongo ivalekile, kungenzeka ukuthi kube nokunqwabelana kwe-bilirubin emzimbeni, okwenza isikhumba namehlo abe nombala ophuzi, ku-sclera.
• Ubuhlungu obungapheli: Kwezinye izimo, ukuvuvukala kwenyongo kuvame ukungakhululeki futhi kuhambisana nobuhlungu obuhlala isikhathi eside. Kwezinye izimo, inyongo evuvukile ingabangela ubuhlungu obungapheli kanye nokungakhululeki, kunciphisa izinga lempilo, kulandelwe ukwehla kwesisindo, ukungondleki kahle, kanye nokukhubazeka kwesistimu yomzimba yokuzivikela.

Ukuvuvukala kwenyongo kungavinjelwa

Nakuba ezinye izimo zokuvuvukala kwenyongo zihlobene nezakhi zofuzo noma izifo eziyisisekelo, kunezinyathelo ezingathathwa ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthola lesi simo:

• Gcina isisindo esinempilo: Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo kuyazuzisa; ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kanye nokukhuluphala ngokweqile kungandisa ingozi yamatshe enyongo, okungaholela ukuvuvukala kwenyongo okuqhubekayo.
• Landela ukudla okunempilo: Ukudla okunamafutha agcwele kanye nama-trans kungandisa ingozi amatshe enyongo. Kunalokho, gxila ekudleni okucebile ngezithelo, imifino emisha, kanye namaprotheni angenamafutha, bese uphuza uketshezi oluningi usuku lonke.
• Zivocavoce njalo: Kuyasiza ukugcina isisindo esinempilo futhi kunciphise ingozi yokuthola amatshe enyongo. Kunconywa imizuzu eyishumi nanhlanu ye-calisthenics, kulandelwe imizuzu engama-45 kuya kwengama-60 yokuhamba, ukugijima, ukubhukuda, noma ukugibela ibhayisikili, izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezine ngesonto. Futhi, yiba yingxenye ye uhlelo lokufaneleka komzimba Kukusiza ukuthi ugcine imisipha yakho isebenza.
• Gwema ukudla okuyingoziGwema ukudla okudliwayo: ukwehlisa isisindo ngokushesha kungandisa ingozi yokuthola amatshe enyongo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuwagwema.

Ezigulini ezinezinhlungu zesisu eziphakathi nendawo engxenyeni ephezulu kwesokudla, ezihambisana nokucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza okukhulu ekuqaleni bese kuba nenyongo, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kwembula uphawu lwe -Murphy oluhle , uphawu lwe-Pront oluhle, kanye nezimpawu ezimbili eziqinisekisayo zezinkinga zokuvuvukala ezingeni lenyongo.

Ngakho-ke, ithimba lezempilo lezibhedlela noma imitholampilo yezempilo licela ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuhambisanayo, ngenani legazi sithola ukwanda kwama-leukocyte, ukwanda kwe-bilirubin ngezindleko ze-bilirubin eqondile kanye, kukhona ukuba khona kwe-jaundice noma umbala ophuzi ezingeni lesikhumba, i-sclera emehlweni, kanye nokubomvu okukhulu noma okwaziwa ngokuthi isikhumba esilumayo.

Lezi zimpawu kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi kuhambisana nokuhlolwa kwezithombe, njenge-ultrasound, i-computed tomography (CT) noma i-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ukuze kufundwe i-gallbladder kanye nemigudu ethwala i-bile, lapho kutholakala khona izithiyo ezibangelwa amatshe e-gallstone noma amatshe e-biliary.

Ukuzihlola kanye, okubi nakakhulu, ukuzelapha yizimo ezenza isikhathi eside sokuvakashela nokusiza udokotela wesistimu yezempilo yomphakathi noma yangasese, lapho ukuxilongwa kuba ngomlando oningiliziwe wezimpawu, kulandelwe ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba okuphelele ngokunaka okukhulu esiswini, ikakhulukazi ezingeni le-quadrant yesisu ephezulu kwesokudla, okusiza ekufinyeleleni ekuxilongweni.

ukuxilongwa okuhlukile

Inyongo ecasukile yisimo esivamile esingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zokugaya ukudla kanye nokungakhululeki.

Kungaba nzima ukukuthola ngoba izimpawu zakhona zifana nezezinye izimo ezivamile zokugaya ukudla, njenge-acid reflux noma isifo se-gastroesophageal reflux (GERD).

Ukuxilongwa okuhlukile okwenziwa udokotela kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona inyongo ecasukile.

Lokhu kuhlonza kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukuhlolwa kwelebhu, izifundo zezithombe, kanye nokuqoqwa komlando wezokwelapha wesiguli.

Izinketho zokwelapha zincike ekuqondeni kokuxilongwa futhi zingasukela ekushintsheni kwendlela yokuphila, njengokushintsha ukudla noma ukuzivocavoca, kuya emithini noma ezinqubweni zokuhlinzwa. Ngokuhlolwa nokwelashwa okufanele, izimpawu zenyongo ecasukile zingaphela.

Ukwelapha

Ngemva kokuthulisa ubuhlungu nokunikeza uketshezi kanye nama-electrolyte ngemithambo yegazi, ukungalingani okubangelwa ukuzila ukudla ngenxa yesicanucanu nokuhlanza kuyabuyiselwa, futhi kwenziwa izivivinyo ezengeziwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe futhi kubuyiselwe impilo yokugaya ukudla.

Kuyadingeka ukususa inyongo evuvukele kusetshenziswa indlela yokuhlinzwa ebizwa ngokuthi i-cholecystectomy ; lokhu kwenziwa ngokuhlinzwa okuvamile okuvulekile noma ngendlela ye -laparoscopic, ebizwa nangokuthi ukuhlinzwa okuncane okuvalekile.

Ukuhlaziywa kwenani

Kusukela Ekucasukeni Kuya Ekuguleni:

Inzuzo eyisisekelo imfundo yokuvimbela. UDkt. Delgado wengeza inzuzo ngokuchaza ukuthi "ukucasuka" kuyisimo esilungisekayo uma selashwa ngesikhathi, kodwa siyingozi uma singanakwa.

Umbono Wezemfundo:

Umehluko usekusetshenzisweni okungekuhle kakhulu . Njengoprofesa wokuhlinzwa, uDkt. Delgado ugcizelela ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kwanamuhla (i-laparoscopic cholecystectomy) kuvumela ukululama okusheshayo kangangokuthi isiguli singaphinde siphile impilo yaso evamile ezinsukwini ezimbalwa nje, kuqedwe ukwesaba igumbi lokuhlinza.

Isiphetho

Okokugcina, ake sixoxe ngento ebaluleke kakhulu: inyongo evuvukele ingaba yisimo esibuhlungu nesingathandeki, i-acute cholecystitis.

Kodwa-ke, kunezinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho yokuthola lesi simo. Ukuqonda izingozi —ezibhalwe ngabantu, zabantu — nokuthi ungazivimbela kanjani kuyisihluthulelo senyongo enempilo.

Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo, ukudla ukudla okunempilo, ukuzivocavoca njalo, nokugwema ukudla okuyingozi kuyizindlela ezisebenzayo zokuvimbela ukucasuka kwenyongo . Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besisu, umkhuhlane, noma i-jaundice, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze ugweme izinkinga ezinkulu.

Njengoba imbangela eyinhloko idinga ukususwa, ocwaningweni lwecala, uma inyongo evuvukele isitholakele, i-cholecystectomy inqubo okufanele yenziwe ngokushesha okukhulu ukuze kugwenywe izinkinga ezesabekayo, njengokuqhekeka nokuvuza kwenyongo esiswini, kanye ne- peritonitis embi.

Ukuvakashelwa okusheshayo nokufika ngesikhathi ngudokotela wendawo uma kukhona ubuhlungu besisu, kungaba obuvela ohlelweni lwezempilo lukahulumeni noma oluzimele.

Manje yisikhathi esifanele sokwabelana ngezinzuzo zolwazi lokuvimbela ezinkundleni zakho zokuxhumana, okunikeza abantu abaningi ithuba lokunakekela impilo yabo yokugaya ukudla. Siyabonga ngokushiya amazwana akho ezilalelini zebhulogi. Sizobonana kokuthunyelwe okulandelayo!

UDkt.JorgeDelgadoUdokotela Ohlinzayo. Inyongo ecasukile. 

📌 Iphrothokholi ephuthumayo: i-Necrotic appendicitis

📌 Izindaba zempumelelo: I-epigastric hernia evela ezimweni zangempela

📌 Ukufundwa okunconywayo: I-Sclerotic Gallbladder